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Oxfam America's Saving for Change methodology implemented mainly in Mali is unique, because it does not use written records. Everything is based on visual procedures and memorisation and every member is responsible for memorising the debts of one other designated member. While everyone must save the same amount, some members can have 2 'hands' if they want to save more. When VSLAs, SILC groups and SfC groups were surveyed, we found that the SfC members knew more about the financial situation of their groups than in either of the other cases.
SfC Mali has now reached more than 450,000 members and, although these manuals are more than 12 years old, they are still clear and relevant.
The methodology is best suited to populations where there is likely to be no literate member, although basic numeracy is necessary.